河北涞源大湾锌钼矿床锆石U-Pb和辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义     

田林  张志远  王志敏  丁照月  李天琦  卢鸿鹏  安跃辉  胡华斌  谢桂青 《矿床地质》2021,40(6):1214-1229

大湾斑岩-矽卡岩型锌钼矿床地处太行山北段成矿带中,是该段重要的金属矿床之一.五台群板峪口组和长城系高于庄组为主要赋矿围岩,锌钼矿体主要赋存在流纹斑岩体内及斑岩与围岩接触部位.文章对大湾矿床内2件赋矿流纹斑岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年代测定,获得206Pb/238U年龄加权平均值分别为(137.1±0.9)Ma(MSWD=0.56,n=24)和(136.8±1.2)Ma(MSWD=0.40,n=22);对矿区4件辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os定年,得到加权平均年龄为(136.5±1.0)Ma,等时线年龄为(136.1±2.3)Ma,在误差范围内成岩成矿时代一致,显示大湾锌钼矿床形成于早白垩世.大湾矿床中辉钼矿的w(Re)为5.816～16.484μg/g,反映了矿床成矿物质来源具有壳幔混合特征.区内流纹斑岩和蚀变体系为进一步找矿勘查的有利标志.  相似文献   

广州增城地质公园安山质-流纹质火山岩地球化学特征及Rb-Sr年龄测定          下载免费PDF全文

苏扣林  丁兴  郭宇  石晓龙 《中国地质》2021,48(1):161-172

广州市增城地质公园发育有大量的燕山期安山岩和流纹岩,由于缺少详细的岩石地球化学研究,这些火山岩的成因和所代表的大地构造意义一直未明确。文章对上述火山岩进行了较为系统的全岩地球化学以及同位素地球化学分析。研究结果显示,安山岩具有安第斯型火山岩特点,显示Nb、Ta、Sr和Ti的亏损,Isr值介于0.70332~0.7144,平均值0.7092,岩石稀土总量较低(ΣREE=158.9×10^-6~215.0×10^-6),平均值186.8×10^-6,轻重稀土元素分异较弱((La/Yb)N5.06~9.87),平均值7.01,Eu负异常不明显(δEu=0.80~1.38),平均值δEu=0.94。流纹岩具有高钾特点,有明显的Ba、Sr、P、Eu、Ti负异常和Pb、Yb正异常,其Isr值介于0.71393~0.73650,平均值0.72615,岩石稀土总量较低(ΣREE=93.4×10^-6~481.5×10^-6),平均值285.7×10^-6,轻重稀土元素分异弱((La/Yb)N=0.65~9.51),平均值4.35,Eu负异常很明显(δEu=0.01~0.03),平均值δEu=0.02,全岩Rb-Sr同位素年龄为(112±12)Ma。综合的地球化学研究表明,增城地质公园安山质-流纹质火山岩均属壳幔混合成因,其中安山岩以幔源为主,而流纹岩则以壳源为主,分别形成于早侏罗世和早白垩世太平洋板块俯冲碰撞挤压的构造背景下。这对华南地区中生代构造演化的深入认识具有重要的地质意义。  相似文献   

英安流纹质岩浆的熔离实验     

周金需  陈繁荣 《岩石学报》1991,7(3):14-18,T001

该实验用江西相山英安流纹岩加一定量的氟化物作为初始材料。在温度达875～900℃、压力0.5×10~8～1.0×10~8Pa时,含F和H_2O的英安流纹质岩浆的淬火产物中,有两种玻璃生成。其中一种玻璃呈小球出现,其成分相对富FeO、MgO、TiO_2。另一种玻璃,分布于小球之间,相对富SiO_2和Al_2O_3。实验表明,富含挥发分的酸性火山岩浆是比较容易熔离的。在流纹质火山岩中常见的长英质条带大多数不是浆屑,而是流纹质岩浆熔离的产物。  相似文献   

Pyroclastic phases of a rhyolitic dome-building eruption: Puketarata tuff ring,Taupo Volcanic Zone,New Zealand     

M R Brooker  B F Houghton  C J N Wilson  J A Gamble 《Bulletin of Volcanology》1993,55(6):395-406

The 14 ka Puketarata eruption of Maroa caldera in Taupo Volcanic Zone was a dome-related event in which the bulk of the 0.25 km³ of eruption products were emplaced as phreatomagmatic fall and surge deposits. A rhyolitic dike encountered shallow groundwater during emplacement along a NE-trending normal fault, leading to shallow-seated explosions characterised by low to moderate water/magma ratios. The eruption products consist of two lava domes, a proximal tuff ring, three phreatic collapse craters, and a widespread fall deposit. The pyroclastic deposits contain dominantly dense juvenile clasts and few foreign lithics, and relate to very shallow-level disruption of the growing dome and its feeder dike with relatively little involvement of country rock. The distal fall deposit, representing 88% of the eruption products is, despite its uniform appearance and apparently subplinian dispersal, a composite feature equivalent to numerous discrete proximal phreatomagmatic lapilli fall layers, each deposited from a short-lived eruption column. The Puketarata products are subdivided into four units related to successive phases of:(A) shallow lava intrusion and initial dome growth; (B) rapid growth and destruction of dome lobes; (C) slower, sustained dome growth and restriction of explosive disruption to the dome margins; and (D) post-dome withdrawal of magma and crater-collapse. Phase D was phreatic, phases A and C had moderate water: magma ratios, and phase B a low water: magma ratio. Dome extrusion was most rapid during phase B, but so was destruction, and hence dome growth was largely accomplished during phase C. The Puketarata eruption illustrates how vent geometry and the presence of groundwater may control the style of silicic volcanism. Early activity was dominated by these external influences and sustained dome growth only followed after effective exclusion of external water from newly emplaced magma.  相似文献   

东疆雅西371-西北坡铜金矿化带下石炭统火山岩地球化学特征与成矿背景   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4  

方维萱  高珍权  贾润幸  黄转盈刘正桃李丰收徐国端 《岩石学报》2006,22(1):215-224

新疆东天山雅西371-西北坡铜金化带中下石炭统火山岩属钙碱性系列。流纹岩类中SiO2（73．96％～78．01％）和Al2O3（11．3％～14．63％）含量高，含Na2O为2．04％～4．15％，K2O为2．74％～3．74％，（Na2O＋K2O）为5．34％～7．03％；流纹岩类属过铝质、中钾-高钾火山岩系列。微量和稀土元素分析结果显示：流纹岩类具有Ti、Nb、P和Ta明显负异常、Sr中等负异常，LREE明显富集，La／Nb值为0．4～2．3，La／Th值0．4—1，Th／Ta值高（6～36．5），具有明显δEu（0．17-0．29）负异常，地球化学特征表明流纹岩类可能形成在活动大陆边缘上的陆缘岛弧构造背景中。本区（含矿）酸性火山岩特征对于寻找与长英质火山岩有关的金属硫化物矿床十分有利，因此认为本区具有较大找矿前景。  相似文献   

寿昌—临浦火山岩带赋矿流纹岩特征及归属雏议     

周家志 《华东地质学院学报》1998,21(3):213-219

本文介绍的火山岩带,有层状流纹岩及穹丘状、岩颈状等非层状流纹岩,分别属溢流相、侵出相及火山管道相,三种流纹岩均受火山岩带核中断裂及晚期火山构造控制,复盖或穿发寿昌组一段地层,又被寿昌组一段之后的次火山岩及隐爆岩所穿切,局部被横山组不整合复盖。该类流纺岩同位素年龄值较小,多数在１３０Ｍａ左右,处于晚侏罗世与早白垩世过渡期。根据其层序、穿切关系及同位素年龄等,认为三种流纹岩均属火山岩带晚期不同岩相的产  相似文献   

Compositional Zoning of the Bishop Tuff   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

Hildreth  Wes; Wilson  Colin J. N. 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(5):951-999

Compositional data for >400 pumice clasts, organized accordingto eruptive sequence, crystal content, and texture, providenew perspectives on eruption and pre-eruptive evolution of the>600 km³ of zoned rhyolitic magma ejected as the Bishop Tuffduring formation of Long Valley caldera. Proportions and compositionsof different pumice types are given for each ignimbrite packageand for the intercalated plinian pumice-fall layers that eruptedsynchronously. Although withdrawal of the zoned magma was lesssystematic than previously realized, the overall sequence displaystrends toward greater proportions of less evolved pumice, morecrystals (0·5–24 wt %), and higher FeTi-oxide temperatures(714–818°C). No significant hiatus took place duringthe 6 day eruption of the Bishop Tuff, nearly all of which issuedfrom an integrated, zoned, unitary reservoir. Shortly beforeeruption, however, the zoned melt-dominant portion of the chamberwas invaded by batches of disparate lower-silica rhyolite magma,poorer in crystals than most of the resident magma but slightlyhotter and richer in Ba, Sr, and Ti. Interaction with residentmagma at the deepest levels tapped promoted growth of Ti-richrims on quartz, Ba-rich rims on sanidine, and entrapment ofnear-rim melt inclusions relatively enriched in Ba and CO₂.Varied amounts of mingling, even in higher parts of the chamber,led to the dark gray and swirly crystal-poor pumices sparselypresent in all ash-flow packages. As shown by FeTi-oxide geothermometry,the zoned rhyolitic chamber was hottest where crystal-richest,rendering any model of solidification fronts at the walls orroof unlikely. The main compositional gradient (75–195ppm Rb; 0·8–2·2 ppm Ta; 71–154 ppmZr; 0·40–1·73% FeO*) existed in the melt,prior to crystallization of the phenocryst suite observed, whichincluded zircon as much as 100 kyr older than the eruption.The compositions of crystals, though themselves largely unzoned,generally reflect magma temperature and the bulk compositionalgradient, implying both that few crystals settled or were transportedfar and that the observed crystals contributed little to establishingthat gradient. Upward increases in aqueous gas and dissolvedwater, combined with the adiabatic gradient (for the 5 km depthrange tapped) and the roofward decline in liquidus temperatureof the zoned melt, prevented significant crystallization againstthe roof, consistent with dominance of crystal-poor magma earlyin the eruption and lack of any roof-rind fragments among theBishop ejecta, before or after onset of caldera collapse. Amodel of secular incremental zoning is advanced wherein numerousbatches of crystal-poor melt were released from a mush zone(many kilometers thick) that floored the accumulating rhyoliticmelt-rich body. Each batch rose to its own appropriate levelin the melt-buoyancy gradient, which was self-sustaining againstwholesale convective re-homogenization, while the thick mushzone below buffered it against disruption by the deeper (non-rhyolitic)recharge that augmented the mush zone and thermally sustainedthe whole magma chamber. Crystal–melt fractionation wasthe dominant zoning process, but it took place not principallyin the shallow melt-rich body but mostly in the pluton-scalemush zone before and during batchwise melt extraction. KEY WORDS: Bishop Tuff; ignimbrite; magma zonation; mush model; rhyolite  相似文献   

Liquidus Equilibria in the System K2O-Na2O-Al2O3-SiO2-F2O-1-H2O to 100 MPa: II. Differentiation Paths of Fluorosilicic Magmas in Hydrous Systems     

Dolejs  David; Baker  Don R. 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(4):807-828

We investigated phase equilibria in the six-component systemNa₂O–K₂O–Al₂O₃–SiO₂–F₂O_–1–H₂Oat 100 MPa to characterize differentiation paths of naturalfluorine-bearing granitic and rhyolitic magmas. Topaz and cryoliteare stable saturating solid phases in calcium-poor systems.At 100 MPa the maximum solidus depression and fluorine solubilityin evolving silicic melts are controlled by the eutectics haplogranite–cryolite–H₂Oat 640°C and 4 wt % F, and haplogranite–topaz–H₂Oat 640°C and 2 wt % F. Topaz and cryolite form a binaryperalkaline eutectic at 660°C, 100 MPa and fluid saturation.The low-temperature nature of this invariant point causes displacementof multiphase eutectics with quartz and alkali feldspar towardsthe topaz–cryolite join and enables the silicate liquidusand cotectic surfaces to extend to very high fluorine concentrations(more than 30 wt % F) for weakly peraluminous and subaluminouscompositions. The differentiation of fluorine-bearing magmasfollows two distinct paths of fluorine behavior, depending onwhether additional minerals buffer the alkali/alumina ratioin the melt. In systems with micas or aluminosilicates thatbuffer the activity of alumina, magmatic crystallization willreach either topaz or cryolite saturation and the system solidifiesat low fluorine concentration. In leucogranitic suites precipitatingquartz and feldspar only, the liquid line of descent will reachtopaz or cryolite but fluorine will continue to increase untilthe quaternary eutectic with two fluorine-bearing solid phasesis reached at 540°C, 100 MPa and aqueous-fluid saturation.The maximum water solubility in the haplogranitic melts increaseswith the fluorine content and reaches 12· 5 ±0· 5 wt % H₂O at the quartz–cryolite–topazeutectic composition. A continuous transition between hydrousfluorosilicate melts and solute-rich aqueous fluids is not documentedby this study. Our experimental results are applicable to leucocraticfluorosilicic magmas. In multicomponent systems, however, thepresence of calcium may severely limit enrichment of fluorineby crystallization of fluorite. KEY WORDS: granite; rhyolite; topaz; cryolite; magmatic differentiation  相似文献   

A numerical study of flexural buckling of foliated rock slopes     

D. P. Adhikary  H.‐B. Mühlhaus  A. V. Dyskin 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2001,25(9):871-884

The occurrence of foliated rock masses is common in mining environment. Methods employing continuum approximation in describing the deformation of such rock masses possess a clear advantage over methods where each rock layer and each inter‐layer interface (joint) is explicitly modelled. In devising such a continuum model it is imperative that moment (couple) stresses and internal rotations associated with the bending of the rock layers be properly incorporated in the model formulation. Such an approach will lead to a Cosserat‐type theory. In the present model, the behaviour of the intact rock layer is assumed to be linearly elastic and the joints are assumed to be elastic–perfectly plastic. Condition of slip at the interfaces are determined by a Mohr–Coulomb criterion with tension cut off at zero normal stress. The theory is valid for large deformations. The model is incorporated into the finite element program AFENA and validated against an analytical solution of elementary buckling problems of a layered medium under gravity loading. A design chart suitable for assessing the stability of slopes in foliated rock masses against flexural buckling failure has been developed. The design chart is easy to use and provides a quick estimate of critical loading factors for slopes in foliated rock masses. It is shown that the model based on Euler's buckling theory as proposed by Cavers (Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering 1981; 14 :87–104) substantially overestimates the critical heights for a vertical slope and underestimates the same for sub‐vertical slopes. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Residence, Resorption and Recycling of Zircons in Devils Kitchen Rhyolite, Coso Volcanic Field, California   总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14  

MILLER  JONATHAN S.; WOODEN  JOSEPH L. 《Journal of Petrology》2004,45(11):2155-2170

Zircons from the Devils Kitchen rhyolite in the PleistoceneCoso Volcanic field, California have been analyzed by in situPb/U ion microprobe (SHRIMP-RG) and by detailed cathodoluminescenceimaging. The zircons yield common-Pb-corrected and disequilibrium-corrected²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U ages that predate a previously reported K–Arsanidine age by up to 200 kyr, and the range of ages exhibitedby the zircons is also approximately 200 kyr. Cathodoluminescenceimaging indicates that zircons formed in contrasting environments.Most zircons are euhedral, and a majority of the zircons areweakly zoned, but many also have anhedral, embayed cores, witheuhedral overgrowths and multiple internal surfaces that aretruncated by later crystal zones. Concentrations of U and Thvary by two orders of magnitude within the zircon population,and by 10–20 times between zones within some zircon crystals,indicating that zircons were transferred between contrastingchemical environments. A zircon saturation temperature of 750°Coverlaps within error a previously reported phenocryst equilibrationtemperature of 740 ± 25°C. Textures in zircons indicativeof repeated dissolution and subsequent regrowth are probablycaused by punctuated heating by mafic magma input into rhyolite.The overall span of ages and large variation in U and Th concentrations,combined with calculated zircon saturation temperatures andresorption times, are most compatible with crystallization inmagma bodies that were emplaced piecemeal in the crust at Cosoover 200 kyr prior to eruption, and that were periodically rejuvenatedor melted by subsequent basaltic injections. KEY WORDS: zircon geochronology; residence time; rhyolite; ion microprobe; California  相似文献